Kind vs k3s reddit. Easy setup of a single-node Kubernetes cluster.

Kind vs k3s reddit I create the vms using terrafrom so I can take up a new cluster easily, deploy k3s with ansible on the new vms. K3s was great for the first day or two then I wound up disabling traefik because it came with an old version. Eventually they both run k8s it’s just the packaging of how the distro is delivered. One option is to use Kind (Kubernetes in Docker) and create a customized script that launches Kind and then installs any other dependencies for your local development, and put this script in version control so the whole team can easily launch the same environment locally. io/ It's more 'vanilla' than k3s and makes less opinionated choices (like it doesn't have an ingress at all vs. rke2 is built with same supervisor logic as k3s but runs all control plane components as static pods. It also has a hardened mode which enables cis hardened profiles. I've been working on a tool to help dive into Minikube/KIND/k3s/etc logs for tests running on Github and would like some feedback. Finally, I had tried harvester but I ran into too many bugs both on baremetal and via nested virtualization. If you want even more control over certain components, that you don't get with k3s, use kubeadm. Even though there’s all kinds of fancy stuff out there, these days (like tilt)…I still default to k3d when I need to quickly spin up a small throw-away cluster locally. In most of these cases, you can find similarities that make K3s look like a production-grade Kubernetes cluster. Kind. kind for local test clusters on a single system. Unveiling the Kubernetes Distros Side by Side: K0s, K3s, microk8s, and Minikube ⚔️ I took this self-imposed challenge to compare the installation process of these distros, and I'm excited to share the results with you. In a way, K3S bundles way more things than a standard vanilla kubeadm install, such as ingress and CNI. Great overview of current options from the article About 1 year ago, I had to select one of them to make disposable kubernetes-lab, for practicing testing and start from scratch easily, and preferably consuming low resources. Why at all (I am probably missing Not to say PostgreSQL doesn't have this kind of issues potentially, but in the databases world, it is well known, with numerous workarounds tested in production environments, while etcd doesn't have any applications outside Kubernetes, so the workarounds are in a much worse state. I kind of have it under control using ansible-pull, but I have the impression that orchestration tools and maybe shared storage like gluster would be easier to maintain in the long run. Add-ons for additional functionalities - Rancher managed - In this case, Rancher uses RKE1/2 or k3s to provision the cluster. It uses DID (Docker in Docker), so doesn't require any other technology. Its more like comparing a Toyota Yaris with a Hummer, where the Hummer is equipped with all the equipment you can think of. The embedded sqlite doesn't replicate between master nodes. Another option is to simply install k3s itself on your local machine. , and provision VMs on your behalf, then lay RKE1/2 or k3s on top of those VMs. But that’s not HA or fault tolerant. The idea is that you run an action to dump the cluster logs, then you upload them to our servers, and our Github app links to an interactive log viewer in a PR comment. Of course, I did create inlets-operator because I cannot stand not having working LoadBalancers and ingress. This will allow you to treat the provisioning of your infrastructure virtual machines (somewhat) like any other cloud provider (AWS, Azure, Google). So, if you want a fault tolerant HA control plane, you want to configure k3s to use an external sql backend or…etcd. The subreddit for all things related to Modded Minecraft for Minecraft Java Edition --- This subreddit was originally created for discussion around the FTB launcher and its modpacks but has since grown to encompass all aspects of modding the Java edition of Minecraft. These are Minikube and k3s. hopefully getting that new frame. Try Oracle Kubernetes Engine. Apr 16, 2016 · I would suspect that there are only a few features missing in k3d, as they are not supported in k3s, but for 95% of the development work, it should be totally sufficient. After that, you'll want to make those three nodes control plane nodes and start adding worker nodes from there. I can't really decide which option to chose, full k8s, microk8s or k3s. There is more options for cni with rke2. work laptop soon with 64GiB. +1 Good answer. This is the official tool used by Kubernetes maintainers for Kubernetes v1. sigs. kind is a more recent favorite for local Kubernetes deployment, using Docker containers to simulate nodes and focusing purely on Kubernetes standard deployments, with community components requiring manual installation. Do I just get to point my k3s config at Amazon and it works? For local development of an application (requiring multiple services), looking for opinions on current kind vs minikube vs docker-compose. Both provide a cluster management abstra K3s uses less memory, and is a single process (you don't even need to install kubectl). From the site: K3s is a highly available, certified Kubernetes distribution designed for production workloads in unattended, resource-constrained, remote locations or inside IoT appliances I'd happily run it in production (there are also commercial managed k3s clusters out there). I started with home automations over 10 years ago, home-assistant and node-red, over time things have grown. K8S 如火如荼的发展着，越来越多人想学习和了解 K8S，但是由于 K8S 的入门曲线较高很多人望而却步。 K3s vs K0s has been the complete opposite for me. If we'd need to update the cluster itself, we probably would just try, if it fails we can install everything on it again in a few minutes. Feb 22, 2024 · kind. Oh, and even though it's smaller and lighter, it still passes all the K8s conformance tests, so works 100% identical. "Production" workload? I wouldn't go with K3s yet. No etcd, only postgres, I don't want that kind of useless write pressure on my node SSDs. I give you my opinion on the pros and cons of MiniKube, Kubeadm, Kind and K3S. Currently running fresh Ubuntu 22. Well, kind can't see or use docker images you've built or pulled in Docker For Desktop. 27 votes, 37 comments. Meet Minikube, KinD (Kubernetes in Docker), and k3d (K3s in Docker) — three prominent players that frequently surface in Kubernetes development conversations. This is a forum where guitarists, from novice to experienced, can explore the world of guitar through a variety of media and discussion. IIUC, this is similar to what Proxmox is doing (Debian + KVM). this just through a monkey wrench in using K3s. That might be annoying. It was designed for Edge but kind of grew past that, and is used for running a lot of on-prem clusters and home labs, because it is more resource efficient and easier to install and manage. You are going to have the least amount of issues getting k3s running on Suse. I don't regret spending time learning k8s the hard way as it gave me a good way to learn and understand the ins and outs. I want to offer it to my customers instead of kubespray, but i’m a little bit concerned on whether i’ll have some issues with it in the future or not, as i can’t predict what they will deploy and how many requests there will be. The thing that is not clear is do you actually really need 2 clusters: one for the Rancher admin part (which seems to run k8s itself) and a second cluster for your That is not k3s vs microk8s comparison. If you want a bit more control, you can disable some k3s components and bring your own. Kubernetes discussion, news, support, and link sharing. 04LTS on amd64. It has been created for production use on small servers, IoT appliances, etc. K3s is exclusively built to run K3s with multiple clusters with Docker containers, making it a scalable and improved version of K3s. But that sounds like a nightmare of a learning curve for developers! These are web developers who don't know what a container is, and QA testers who are only familiar with static environments. So, looking solely at local use, especially for devs working with macbooks, I believe k3s/d is a great choice A question I am often asked is how do I get started with Kubernetes and how can I do my first tests? So I compared four different technologies that you can use to get started with Kubernetes on your own computer. This is where the "vendor lock-in" question comes up a lot. The app store is kind if neat but it has only saved me from some kubectl / helm commands and an ingress yaml so far - I still jump back to the cmdline (or the longhorn portal) after deployment. . I can't comment on k0s or k3s, but microk8s ships out of the box with Ubuntu, uses containerd instead of Docker, and ships with an ingress add-on. Some co-workers recommended colima --kubernetes, which I think uses k3s internally; but it seems incompatible with the Apache Solr Operator (the failure mode is that the zookeeper nodes never reach a quorum). and god bless k3d) is orchestrating a few different pods, including nginx, my gf’s telnet BBS, and a containerized Dec 5, 2019 · K3s watches for changes and takes care of applying them without any further interaction. But if you need a multi-node dev cluster I suggest Kind as it is faster. K3S is a light Kubernetes version developed by Rancher. Aug 26, 2020 · K3S. The general idea is that you would be able to submit a service account token after which Infisical could verify that the service While k3s and k0s showed by a small amount the highest control plane throughput and MicroShift showed the highest data plane throughput, usability, security, and maintainability are additional factors that drive the decision for an appropriate distribution. But then, when you look at Artifact Hub for some charts it seems that like nobody, really no one ever is actually using those charts, this website has less traffic than my personal website when I was 15, charts there have little to zero stars, last Hi guys, I know this is a popular subject but for you with experience in that, what was the best way to get K8s up and running locally? I don't have a lot of Kubernetes experience and I'm just doing an experiment that includes running wordpress on a K8s pod. My problem is it seems a lot of services i want to use like nginx manager are not in the helmcharts repo. Hope this helps! I've used Rancher, don't have much experience with OpenShift, but here my take on Rancher: tl;dr Rancher = ClickOps, easy to turn into a Jenkinstein situation A possible option, depending on what your goals are, would include MultiPass. I'm using Ubuntu as the OS and KVM as the hypervisor. Nginx for today is kind of standard. The binary is less than 50 Mo and it can be run on a very small virtual machine. I know k8s needs master and worker, so I'd need to setup more servers. Minikube/K3D/Kind are for development and testing. Runs Docker in a VM (Part of the docker desktop installation for Mac, or Windows) Runs Kubernetes in that "Docker" VM; Supports Hyperkit (Mac) or Hyper-V (Windows) hypervisors. coming from a brief use of K3s and not knowing how to really use any of these KxS flavors. Because it runs K8s in Docker, kind can run on Windows, Mac, and Linux. From this thread, it sounds like the best solution is to have several tools to launch your own cluster (k3s, kind, tilt, etc). Single master k3s with many nodes, one vm per physical machine. k3s for small (or not so small) production setups. Easy setup of a single-node Kubernetes cluster. Doing multi-node multi-cluster stuff eacht with a full blown prometheus + loki + tempo + grafana setup has been taking its toll on my poor laptop. Oracle Cloud actually gives you free ARM servers in total of 4 cores and 24G memory so possible to run 4 worker nodes with 1 core 6G each or 2 worker nodes with 2 cores and 12GB memory eachthen those of which can be used on Oracle Kubernetes Engine as part of the node pool, and the master node itself is free, so you are technically Maybe stand up k3s single-node to start with; it should only be a single command. But what's wrong with local k8s? If your have docker k3d and kind are amazing at quickly creating and deleting all kinds of topologies. Also, by looking at k3s, I peak at the docs for Rancher 2. I've got a K3s cluster running on two machines - one acting as the master and the other as a worker. There's also a political aspect to it - you need some kind of decent prediction model, like Arima based ones, to get some relevant over provisioning predictions out of scaling metrics. K3s provides an advanced section containing instructions for customizing your cluster in specific scenarios. The advantage of kind is being able to very quickly create a hermetic, disposable, predictable kubernetes cluster on-demand. 1000% agree. Posted by u/j8k7l6 - 41 votes and 30 comments If you want to learn normal day-to-day operations, and more "using the cluster" instead of "managing/fixing the cluster", stick with your k3s install. Jan 10, 2025 · Many developers and DevOps teams start by setting up a local Kubernetes cluster for development work. It has roof box, trailer, machine guns etc, and you basically just need vehicle. if K0s is actually better/faster/easier. i wish they had an option to use regular docker backend vs k3s but i doubt we would ever see that unless a large customer asked for it But I cannot decide which distribution to use for this case: K3S and KubeEdge. kind. K3s: K3s is a lightweight Kubernetes distribution that is specifically designed to run on resource-constrained devices like the Raspberry Pi. Install debian and run k3sup join command. Then most of the other stuff got disabled in favor of alternatives or newer versions. k3s - What should I use? 比Minikube更快，使用Kind快速创建K8S学习环境. If you already have something running you may not benefit too much from a switch. But we did throw an emergency, one-off production workload on it the other day and it was perfectly fine. Even the snapshot-controller was recently added to k3s. Primarily for the learning aspect and wanting to eventually go on to k8s. very nice and repeatable setup. But I'm much more familiar with docker-compose and don't know how well the Immich app on TrueNAS is supported. Uninstall k3s with the uninstallation script (let me know if you can't figure out how to do this). Then tear it down and stand up k3s HA w/ etcd and understand what you did there. Nomad can even orchestrate any kind of workload and not containers. I would also like to know. maintain and role new versions, also helm and k8s Ive got an unmanaged docker running on alpine installed on a qemu+kvm instance. k3s and k8s way overkill for most NAS and k3server just eating away at cpu at idle and wasting power and money. The big difference is that K3S made the choices for you and put it in a single binary. true. That being said, I've got a five node K3s cluster running like a boss. So you can have nginx one, haproxy, traefic at the same time. Jun 25, 2020 · Kind. Everybody talks about Helm, it's preinstalled with stuff like k3s and yeah, Helm is the way to go. My single piece of hardware runs Proxmox, and my k3s node is a VM running Debian. this is why I say it's great for running experiments, because you can get an environment closer to your target environment, and if it's an issue with the cilium CNI that you're trying to track down, you can run Cilium in your Kind cluster then as well. I use k3s with kube-vip and cilium (replacing kube-proxy, thats why I need kube-vip) and metallb (will be replaced once kube-vip can handle externalTrafficPolicy: local better or supports the proxy protocol) and nginx-ingress (nginx-ingress is the one i want to replace, but at the moment I know most of the stuff of it). clusters should be kept over provisioned just in case of the "scaling speed throttle". Just create/update your configuration and K3s makes sure to keep your deployments up to date. One of the big things that makes k3s lightweight is the choice to use SQLite instead of etcd as a backend. k3d or kind combined with skaffold/devspace/tilt. Most recently used kind, and used minikube before that. Maybe I'm dumb but I just don't get Helm. For short-lived, testing, development, CI or similar scenarios I like kind instead of k3s: https://kind. K3S seems more straightforward and more similar to actual Kubernetes. In particular, I need deployments without downtimes, being more reliable than Swarm, stuff like Traefik (which doesn't exist for Docker Swarm with all the features in a k8s context, also Caddy for Docker wouldn't work) and being kind of future-proof. PS. 11+ conformance testing. Now at home I have a single node server for a blog and backup so I was researching best practices for a non-pro system like this and your answer reminded me why compose is so much simpler for the needs. It is made by Canonical (Ubuntu). Kind and K3s are Kubernetes tools that leverage Docker containers to provide flexible and scalable Kubernetes distributions compared to their competitors. Sep 16, 2024 · Additionally, K3s comes with built-in support for Helm, making it easier to manage applications and services within the cluster, and it automatically handles common tasks like managing certificates and networking, which can significantly reduce the operational overhead for users. It's optimized for CICD testing, not for learning. B. This means it can take only a few seconds to get a fully working Kubernetes cluster up and running after starting off with a few barebones VPS running Ubuntu by means of apt install microk8s . minicube if you have virtualbox but not docker on your system. i. Hard to speak of “full” distribution vs K3S. Because I only have one hypervisor, I'm only running a single-node k3s cluster (it's the control plane, etcd, and the worker): In Kind, you can set up multiple node clusters, decide on CNI options for yourself, etc. I know could spend time learning manifests better, but id like to just have services up and running on the k3s. As I remember, official Ingress is implemented on Nginx, isn't it? Stick on official realizations as much as you can. Kind is another project driven by a Kubernetes SIG. Both seem suitable for edge computing, KubeEdge has slightly more features but the documentation is not straightforward and it doesn't have as many resources as K3S. K3s obvisously does some optimizations here, but we feel that the tradeoff here is that you get upstream Kubernetes, and with Talos' efficiency you make up for where K8s is heavier. Also you can have few ingresses. 3… honestly any tips at all because I went into this assuming it’d be as simple as setting up a docker container and I was wrong. KinD is my go-to and just works, they have also made it much quicker than the initial few versions. Supports different hypervisors (VirtualBox, KVM, HyperKit, Docker, etc. I use K3S heavily in prod on my resource constricted clusters. Rancher can also use node drivers to connect to your VMware, AWS, Azure, GCP, etc. Does Traefic support all of Nginx features? I am almost sure that no. https://kind. Docker swarm is basically dead, when Mirantis acquired docker enterprise they said that they would support it for two years. Not sure I'd go with DO either, but that could simply be lack of education. Key Features Comparison: Minikube, Kind, and K3s If you want to install a linux to run k3s I'd take a look at Suse. This is especially useful for CI pipelines and IoT devices (both target use cases of K3s). Suse releases both their linux distribution and Rancher/k3s. Apr 20, 2024 · If you're unfamiliar with Kubernetes, you might find it challenging to customize your Kind cluster. Although minikube is a generally great choice for running Kubernetes locally, one major downside is that it can only run a single node in the local Kubernetes cluster-this makes it a little farther to a production Using older versions of K3S and Rancher is truly recommended. There are two really popular Kubernetes distributions that many like to use for local development, home labs, and smaller environments. k8s. Mit ihnen kann z. Well shit. But that was a long time ago. Let me know about your experiences or other tools that you use to setup a local Kubernetes cluster. I just really got a LOT of value out of k3d + k3s as a beginner. I use nfs for PVCs anyway and my NAS while fast is a single failure point. I run bone-stock k3s (some people replace some default components) using Traefik for ingress and added cert-manager for Let's Encrypt certs. 124K subscribers in the kubernetes community. That Solr Operator works fine on Azure AKS, Amazon EKS, podman-with-kind on this mac, podman-with-minikube on this mac. Cilium will take care of the loadbalancer IPs pool and L2 announcements, current deployment setup replaces also several k3s components, like local-storage, servicelb, traefik, flannel-backend, kube-proxy, cloud-controller and network-policy. Always interesting to read about problems other companies are struggling with. However for local use, I think microk8s is not really an option, and then k3s dockerized kind beats minikube in overhead and resources, and I think a little better than kind. Minikube vs. If you're trying to run k3s in a high availability cluster (meaning 3 control planes) then you have to use etcd. Sep 13, 2021 · K3S + K3D = K8S : a new perfect match for dev and test; K8s on macOS with K3s, K3d and Rancher; k3s vs microk8s vs k0s and thoughts about their future; K3s, minikube or microk8s? Environment for comparing several on-premise Kubernetes distributions (K3s, MicroK8s, KinD, kubeadm) MiniKube, Kubeadm, Kind, K3S, how to get started on Kubernetes? Which one did you go with ? I'm also looking at swarm and k3s for my home network as I have a lot of apps ( singleton, no HA ) running in containers now. kubeadm: kubeadm is a tool provided by Kubernetes that can be used to create a cluster on a single Raspberry Pi. btw. Mar 27, 2020 · Heutzutage gibt es ein paar Tools, die angeben, ein vollwertiges Kubernetes-Cluster (teilweise) zu ersetzen. This is the command I used to install my K3s, the datastore endpoint is because I use an external MySQL database so that the cluster is composed of hybrid control/worker nodes that are theoretically HA. Most cloud providers have a free tier that might include kubernetes resources or at least a VM on which you can spin up your own install. Storage is certainly an issue for these minimal type distros. Take a look and let me know which technology you Minikube vs kind vs k3s Wrote a little comparison between Minikube, kind and k3s. Reply reply If possible, I'd like to avoid a VM running 24/7 with no purpose other than running docker containers - kind of defeats the purpose of containerization in the first place. We ask that you please take a minute to read through the rules and check out the resources provided before creating a post, especially if you are new here. Then reinstall it with the flags. io/ Apr 18, 2020 · In this post we’ll have a look at Minikube vs kind vs k3s and compare their pros and cons and identify use cases for each of them. Welcome to r/guitar, a community devoted to the exchange of guitar related information. K3d works pretty well too and sometimes I mix between those two. Note: I don’t work for/with anybody that’s affiliated with Rancher, k3s, or k3d. It is easy to install and requires minimal configuration. K3S on the other hand is a standalone, production ready solution suited for both dev and prod workloads. k3s vs microk8s vs k0s and thoughts about their future I need a replacement for Docker Swarm. Let’s take a look into Minikube vs. If you switch k3s to etcd, the actual “lightweight”ness largely evaporates. Minikube is a tool that sets up a single-node Kubernetes cluster on your local machine. I'm facing a perplexing issue with my K3s cluster and really could use some help troubleshooting. Sep 22, 2023 · In the dynamic arena of container orchestration and Kubernetes development, the right choice of tools can significantly impact your workflow. 简述. ). Atlantis for Terraform gitops automations, Backstage for documentation, discord music bot, Minecraft server, self hosted GitHub runners, cloud flare tunnels, unifi controler, grafana observability stack and volsync backup solution as well as cloud native-pg for postgres database and . kind vs. e. Oct 29, 2024 · K3d vs k3s vs Kind vs Microk8s vs Minikube; Minikube vs. Mostly for just hacking around. jeder Entwickler seine eigene lokale Cluster-Instanz laufen lassen, um damit herumzuexperimentieren, seine Anwendung zu implementieren oder Tests gegen Anwendungen durchzuführen, die während des CI/CDs in K8s laufen. There’s no point in running a single node kube cluster on a device like that. Alternatively, if want to run k3s through docker just to get a taste of k8s, take a look at k3d (it's a wrapper that'll get k3s running on K3S, OKD, etc are find with a single node but they will need the proxy once you scale up two three, and in Kubernetes scaling is 1 or 3. I have migrated from dockerswarm to k3s. The official Python community for Reddit! Stay up to date with the latest news, packages, and meta information relating to the Python programming language. We're actually about to release a native K8s authentication method sometime this week — this would solve the chicken and egg ("secret zero") problem that you've mentioned here using K8s service account tokens. Pretty amazing Welcome to /r/SkyrimMods! We are Reddit's primary hub for all things modding, from troubleshooting for beginners to creation of mods by experts. I'd really like to hear more of these kind problems. But it also comes with some extras out of the box: An ingress is running by default Persistent Volumes work by default Enable a local registry with a single flag (instead of a complex shell script) K3s uses far less resources 115K subscribers in the kubernetes community. Then figure out how to get access to it and deploy some fake nginx app. I use k8s in prod and docker compose on my dev machine. Why would I ever want to assign a range of ips in production-public-ips pool, to some kind of service object, at the end not knowing which ip is currently being served and therefore forcing me to set up some kind of loadbalancer in front of metallb checking which address is currently being attached to service. What's your reason for using openshift vs k3s/k3sup? I've found that k3sup compresses the deployment process, from wiping the incoming node to scheduling pods onto the node, into 2 steps. 5, I kind of really like the UI and it helps to discover feature and then you can get back to kubectl to get more comfy. Qemu becomes so solid when utilizing kvm! (I think?) The qemu’s docker instance is only running a single container, which is a newly launched k3s setup :) That 1-node k3s cluster (1-node for now. Should I just install my K3S master node on my docker host server. And you can run a large cluster on it, I think it’s in the thousands of nodes. Has the convenience that you can run the docker client from your Mac or Windows. Jun 30, 2023 · Minikube vs Kind vs K3S; Reddit — K3S vs MicroK8S vs K0S; K3S Setup on Local Machine; K3S vs MicroK8S What is the Difference; 5 K8S Distributions for Local Environments; 2023 Lightweight Kubernetes Distributions So now I'm wondering if in production I should bother going for a vanilla k8s cluster or if I can easily simplify everything with k0s/k3s and what could be the advantages of k8s vs these other distros if any. than K3s? What REALLY forks me up is how to do this in the cloud. k3s shipping with an old version of traefik by default, or it doesn't ship with metallb/a generic load balancer like k3s). Kind (Kubernetes-in-Docker), as the name implies, runs Kubernetes clusters in Docker containers. k3s and explore the pros and cons of each. It was my impression previously that minikube was only supported running under / bringing up a VM. Multi-cluster management with profiles. Summary The conclusion here seems fundamentally flawed. At this point, I couldn’t find out why it is Hey! Co-founder of Infisical here. I have used k3s in hetzner dedicated servers and eks, eks is nice but the pricing is awful, for tight budgets for sure k3s is nice, keep also in mind that k3s is k8s with some services like trafik already installed with helm, for me also deploying stacks with helmfile and argocd is very easy to. Kubernetes had a steep learning curve, but it’s pretty ubiquitous in the real world and is widespread so there’s good resources for learning and support. K3d is literally K3s in KIND, so it has all the same advantages. Our k3s are more or less throwaway clusters. This article highlights the feature of both tools and the subtle difference between them. Strangely, the worker node seems to have trouble resolving DNS. It’s the go-to for Kubernetes’ own CI processes. --- If you have questions or are new to Python use r/LearnPython I would like to hear from you what are your thoughts about k3s capacity of handling pretty much all kind of business. Can’t really compare them. Proxmox and Kubernetes aren't the same thing, but they fill similar roles in terms of self-hosting. I've been running a k3s cluster at home for over two years now and there's very little maintanence of the control plane required (though my control plane runs on a single raspberry pi 4 using the k3s etcd shim, so the database is stored locally in sqlite). It supports multi-node clusters as well as HA clusters. A better test would be to have two nodes, the first the controller running the db, api server, etc and the second just the worker node components, kubelet, network, etc. K3s. iouxdc wycw bhh ahrlk qate zpy hrfmj nqkw vekoxxr xsxrsuy rzokv kirx tsk uin osnh